kap-

    kap-

    English meaning: to grab

    Deutsche Übersetzung: “fassen”

    Note: (Varianten s. am Schlusse); various in words for Gefäße

    Material: O.Ind. kapaṭī “two handful “ (ṭ mind. for t), O.Pers. ἡ καπίθη “δύο χοίνικες”; with IE e Pers. časpīdan, čapsīdan, cafsīdan “ grasp, packen”; Gk. καπέτις “a measure of capacity “, κάπη “ crib, manger “, καπά̄νη ds., Thess. “the Wagenkasten”, κάπτω ‘schnappe, schlucke”, κώπη “handle, grasp”; Alb. kap “ergreife, catch”, kapasë “Ölgefäß”, kam “habeo” (*kapmi or *kab(h)mi- zur root form *kabh- to Ger. haben); Lat. capiō, -ere, cēpī, captus “take”, au-ceps, -cupüre “Vogelfanger, Vögel fangen”, particeps “teilnehmend”, capüx “fassungsfähig, suitable “, capēdo, -inis “einfaches tönernes vessel in Opfergebrauch; drinking vessel”, capulus “barrow, bier, later coffin” and “handle, grasp, Handhabe”, capula ‘schöpfgefäß” (capulüre “from a vessel ins other scoop “), caputrum “ loop, noose, snare zum Fassen a Ghegenstandes; esp. halter “ (but capis, -idis “ a bowl with one handle, used in sacrifices “, Umbr. kapiře “capide”, Osc. καπιδιτομ “ollarium” maybe from Gk. σκαφίς with s-drop in allen drei Ital. Sprachen; certainly is capisterium Lw. from σκαφιστήριον); capsa “ receptacle, Kapsel, Kasten”, capsus “the Wagenkasten; cage for wild animal” (out of it Gk. κάψα, κάμψα); Lat. captus, -a = O.Ir. cacht “Dienerin, Sklavin”, Welsh caeth ‘slave”, O.Corn. caid “captivus”, Bret. keaz “ unlucky, arm”, Gaul. Moeni-captus ‘slave of Mains”, M.Ir. cachtaim “take gefangen” = Lat. captüre “to gripe suchen” (coincidental also = asächs. haftōn “haften”); Ir. cúan (*kapno-) “(See-) harbor “; Goth. -hafts (= Lat. captus, Ir. cacht) “behaftet with”, O.N. haptr “captus”, hapt n. “manacle”, O.E. hæft m. “captive, slave, band, strap, manacle”, n. “Heft, handle, grasp”, O.S. haft “vinctus”, O.H.G. haft “ bound, gefangen, behaftet with”, m. n. “Haft, manacle”, whereof O.N. hefti n. “Heft, Handhabe”, O.H.G. hefti n. “Heft, handle, grasp” and Goth. haftjan “befestigen”, O.N. hefta “bind, hinder”, O.E. hæftan, O.S. heftan, O.H.G. heften “bind, verhaften”; Ger. haschen (*hafskōn) = Swe. dial. haska “nachlaufen, um einzuholen”; Goth. hafjan (= Lat. capiō) “heave, life”, O.N. hefja (hafða), O.S. hebbian, O.E. hebban, O.H.G. heffen, heven, M.H.G. Ger. heben (Swiss only “hold, stop”); in addition (compare zur form Lat. habēre) Goth. haban, -aida “hold, stop, have”, O.N. hafa (hafða), O.S. hebbian, O.E. habban, O.H.G. habēn “have”; O.N. -haf n. “Hebung”, O.E. hæf n., M.L.G. haf ‘sea” (N.Ger. Haff), M.H.G. hap, -bes ‘sea, harbor “; O.N. hǫfn f. “ harbor “, O.E. hæfen(e) f., M.L.G. havene, M.H.G. habene f. ds. (Ger.Hafen from N.Ger.; compare Ir. cuan); O.H.G. havan m. “pot, pan, kitchenware “, Ger. Hafen; O.N. hǫfugr, O.E. hefig, O.S. heƀig, O.H.G. hebīc, -g “ heavy “ (actually ‘somewhat enthaltend”); O.E. hefe, hæfe m., O.H.G. heve, hepfo, Ger. Hefe (“was den Teig hebt”); Ice. Nor. dial. havald n. “band, strap”, O.E. hefeld, M.L.G. hevelte (*hafaðla-; O.H.G. haba, Ger. Handhabe; O.N. hüfr m. “ Fischhamen, Reuse “ (ē as in Lat. cēpī); O.N. hōf n. “das rechte Maß or relationship”, hø̄ fa “aim, passen, sich schicken”, Goth. gahōbains “Enthaltsamkeit”, O.E. behōfian “bedũrfen”, O.H.G. bihuobida “praesumtio”, M.H.G. behuof m. “ business, purpose, benefit, advantage”, Ger. Behuf; [O.N. haukr (*hǫƀukr), O.E. heafoc “ hawk” (out of it M.Welsh hebawc, and from this O.Ir. sebocc “falcon”), O.S. haƀuk- in EN, O.H.G. habuh “ hawk” from Gmc. *haƀuka- (finn. Lw. havukka), are to be compared probably better with Russ. (etc.) kóbec, Pol. kobuz “ names from falcon’s kinds “] Maybe Alb. f. (*keboccna), gabonja, zh-gabonja, sh-kabonja, shqiponja, shkaba “ eagle “ common Alb. -kn- > -nj- phonetic mutation : O.Ir. sebocc “falcon” : Serbo-Croatian: kòbac m. “merlin, small hawk” Probably wrong etymology since Alb. (*kaponti̯ü) “ eagle “ is phonetically a derivative of Root (s)kē̆ p-2, (s)kō̆ p- and (s)kü̆ p-; (s)kē̆ b(h)-, skob(h)- and skü̆ b(h)- : “to work with a sharp instrument”: Alb. kep “ hew stones, cut out “ (IE *kopō or *kapō), wherefore kmesë, këmés, kamés f. “hack, mattock, hoe, scythe, pruning knife” (*kapneti̯ü), sqep “ angle, bill, beak, neb”; Maybe Alb. (*kaponti̯ü) gabonja, shqiponja, shkaba “ eagle “ : sqep “ beak of the eagle “, shqipta, shqip “ clear, sharp (language) “, shqiptonj “ speak clearly, divide words “, shqep “ (*split), rip, tear; unpick “ : qep ‘sew (with a needle)” [see below] with the meaning from Gk. κάπτω and Gmc. pp as intens. consonant-Gemination (due to the root form in p or bh or b) Ger. (actually N.Ger.) happen, hapsen “ devour “. Du. happen “ snatch “ under likewise; Lith. kúopa 1. “troop, multitude, crowd, dividing off, partitioning off”, 2. “ ransom for distrained livestock “ (= Gk. κώπη); Ltv. kàmpju, kàmpt “ gripe, catch”; about Troernamen Κάπυς, Lat. capys, capus “falcon” (Illyr.?) s. Bonfante REtIE 2, 113. The vocalism is absolutely fast a, also in O.Ind. kapaṭī (das as isoliertes word not probably a as Entgleisung for i = ǝ have kann); besides occasional ē (cēpi, hüfr) and ō (κώnη, Lith. kúopa, presumably also Gmc. hōf-), die barely as Normalstufen (ē: ō: ǝ) einzureihen are (Konstatierung by Reichelt KZ. 46, 339). Dasselbe Vokalverhältnis between Osc. hafiest : hipid, Lith. gabénti : preterit atge ́bau, Goth. gabei : O.N. gǣ fr; hinsichtlich of Konsonantismus shows sich in Wurzelanl. and -auslaut Schwanken between Tenuis, voiced-nonaspirated, voiced-aspirated, was from imitation of Schnapplautes (kap, ghap, ghabh etc.) and imitation of raschen Zugreifens through diesen sound (‘schnapp”) to define is. Darũber ausfũhrlich Collitz preterit 85 ff., K. H. Meyer IF. 35, 224-237; s. also above S. 407ff.; different EM3 173. Altaic etymology : Protoform: *kůp”è

    English meaning: to squeeze, press together Turkic protoform: *Kɨp- Mongolian protoform: *kajiči Tungus protoform: *kap- Comments: KW 180, Владимирцов 270, Poppe 48. A Western isoglO.S.S. Despite Doerfer’s doubts (TMN 1, 450), the Turk. and Mong. forms cannot be separated from each other. It is interesting also to mention the forms meaning “to wink” ( < *”press eyelids together”) among the reflexes of PT *Kɨp- (usually confused with *Kɨp- ‘spark”) and the TM derivative *kapta- (usually confused with *kapta- “flat”). Cf. also *k”ap”V.

    References: WP. I 342 ff., WH. I 159 f., 169.